What Is Considered Low Income for a Family of 2

A Resource and Benefit Guide

How to Alive on a Low Income

A Resource and Benefit Guide

Concluding Updated: 3/8/2022

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Living paycheck to paycheck is an unfortunate reality for many Americans. Whether you're working sporadically or holding downwardly multiple jobs to make ends come across, this guide can offering some communication and resources to assist y'all stretch your earnings.

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Who'south Low Income?

Each of us might have a different idea of what constitutes "low-income." Where you live matters, likewise. In San Francisco, for example, a person needs to make $61 per hour to afford a two-sleeping room apartment in 2019, according to the National Low-Income Housing Coalition. In North Dakota, that sort of salary could put a family into a large house with a yard.

The federal regime has its own definitions of "low income." The definitions matter, because agencies use them to determine which households qualify for revenue enhancement breaks and other authorities benefits.

By government standards, "depression-income" earners are men and women whose household income is less than double the Federal Poverty Level (FPL). For a single person household, the 2019 FPL was $12,490 a year. That means that a single person making less than $25,000 a year would be considered low income. For a 5-person household, the FPL is $30,170 and the cut-off for low income is $60,340.

There are pregnant racial disparities inside the low income earner population. A study in 2015 revealed that households headed by racial minorities were most twice as likely to exist low-income or poor as non-minority households. Hispanic and African-American households accept median incomes significantly lower than non-Hispanic white and Asian households.

If your household is less than iv times the poverty level, you may be eligible for some type of government aid. Knowing where you lot stand tin reveal which benefits are bachelor and unavailable to yous. For instance, in some states, a household at 1.v times the FPL would qualify for reduced-price schoolhouse lunches, but not SNAP (nutrient stamp) benefits. It'southward important to wait into your state's standards for each program.

Benefits you lot may be entitled to based on your pct of the FPL

Percent of FPL	0%	ane-100%	100-138%	138-150%	150-185%	185-200%	200-250%	250-400%
Medicaid and Fleck (Non-Expansion State)	Childless Adult	Parent	Child	Pregnant
Medicaid and CHIP (Expansion State)			Developed			Meaning - varies by state		Child - varies past state
SNAP	x	x	x
WIC (for pregnant and mothers with children 0-5)	x	x	x	10	x
National School Dejeuner	10	x	Free	x	Reduced Price
School Breakfast Plan	x	x	Free	x	Reduced Toll
Special Milk Program for Children	ten	x	Free	x	Reduced Price
Summer Food Service Program			Gratuitous		Reduced Price
Child and Developed Food Program	10	ten	Free	ten	Reduced Toll
Low Income Taxpayer Dispensary	ten	x	x	x	ten	x	x
United Manner Rent Assist	x	x	x	x
Utility Help	ten	x	x	x
Emergency Shelter Grant	10	10	10	10
Weatherization	x	10	x	x	x	Varies by state
Advanced Premium Revenue enhancement Credits (Non-Expansion States)	ten	ten	ten	10	x	10	x	x
Advanced Premium Revenue enhancement Credits (Not-Expansion States)			138% and below eligible for Medicaid instead	x	x	x	x	ten

Meeting Your Basic Needs

When coin is tight, some Americans end upwardly going without things that the wealthy would consider essential—like visits to the doctor or regular meals. But fifty-fifty people who don't make much money can notice ways to get the essentials in life, including diet, housing and transportation.

Health Care

Staying healthy is important regardless of your income. A health crisis can wreak financial havoc on anyone, and low-income earners are particularly vulnerable. Staying proactive nearly your health past eating right, exercising and getting regular check-ups is the all-time style to avoid trouble. When that's not enough, though, there are ways to go the care you or your family members need.

Physical

CHILDREN'South HEALTH INSURANCE Programme (Chip)

Chip provides medical care for virtually 9.6 one thousand thousand children per year. Any parent, legal guardian or grandparent can apply on behalf of a child (including teenage children). For households who meet the income eligibility limits, health insurance for children may be completely complimentary. Each state decides how their Chip program works. Some take expanded Medicaid to make Fleck bachelor to more families, and some have kept Medicaid and Flake dissever. This folio explains how CHIP works in each state.

MEDICARE SAVINGS PROGRAMS

All Americans who have resided in the U.S. for five or more than years authorize for Medicare when they turn 65, and some people qualify even younger. At that place are iv types of plans that can help you lot salvage coin on Medicare premiums: Qualified Medicare Beneficiaries (QMB), Specified Low-Income Medicare Beneficiary (SLMB), Qualifying Private (QI) and Qualified Disabled and Working Individuals (QDWI). If y'all qualify for whatever of these plans, you can too utilize Medicare Part D to go aid with prescription drug costs.

To qualify for a Medicare Savings Programme, you'll need to fill out an application. Just get-go detect out whether you meet the initial financial requirements here. They'll desire to know how much coin you have in the bank likewise as any investments.

Medicaid

Medicaid is a federal program that offers affordable healthcare to low-income Americans of whatever age. Some Americans are "dual" eligible for both Medicaid and Medicare (Part A or B). In 2014, some states chose to expand Medicaid eligibility (which is based on income). Use this search tool to contact your land and discover out what Medicaid eligibility requirements are.

TIP FOR MINORITIES

If you are a minority and feel that your or your family have suffered housing discrimination, call HUD's Housing Discrimination Hotline at 1-800-699-9777.

Mental Health

For depression-income families, the stigma associated with mental disease can be compounded by a lack of resource. Only in that location has been some welcome progress. Since the early 1960s, community mental health centers offer affordable intendance accept expanded throughout the country. Mental Health America offers a list of resources for individuals looking for affordable behavioral healthcare in their area.

Medicaid, Medicare, and Fleck all pay for mental health services, including counseling, just at that place are also customs resources out at that place, including didactics and support groups. The National Brotherhood on Mental Illness (NAMI) and Mental Health America (MHA) are 2 national groups with local capacity. Both offer a host of resources, including information on local providers who take Medicaid or who charge on a sliding scale.

TIP FOR VETERANS

NAMI is aware of the significance of veterans' and servicemembers' mental health: a list of resource is compiled on their website hither. Veterans tin also admission services through their local VA hospital. Counseling, suicide prevention and other mental health services are offered through the National Military Family Association, the National Center for PTSD, and the Veterans Crisis Line. Veterans in crisis can as well call the Veterans Gainsay Telephone call Center at 1-877-WAR-VETS to talk to another gainsay veteran. The Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America (IAVA) also has specific mental health resource, which yous can discover here.

Housing

Finding and keeping a decent, comfortable identify to alive can be a constant struggle for people with limited incomes. The stakes couldn't be higher: Just a few missed rent payments tin can upend lives. Fortunately, there are many resources available for anyone who needs help with housing.

Research Government Resources

Low-income families may be eligible for public housing. The Department of Housing and Urban Development has an interactive map which you lot can utilize to select your land and receive contact information for your local housing authority. Comport in mind that subsidized housing waiting lists tin exist very long (fifty-fifty years long). And so if this is your Programme A, be sure to have a Plan B, as well.

For families interested in home buying, it's worth noting that PHA's (public housing regime) tin sell homes to qualifying families. Look at this Section of Housing and Urban Development page to read more near homeownership through public housing.

But let's say you lot're just looking for an flat. Use this search tool on the HUD website to await for low-rent apartments in your area.

Housing Pick Vouchers, available from local public housing agencies, allow recipients to pay reduced rent on a house or apartment of their choice, as long as it meets sure safety standards. The landlord has to agree to participate in the program, and, again, the waiting list of needy families tin can be very long.

TIP FOR MINORITIES

If you are a minority and feel that yous or your family unit have suffered housing discrimination, telephone call HUD's Housing Discrimination Hotline at 1-800-669-9777.

Wait into Non-Government Resources

Habitat for Humanity is an organization that works with low-income earners to assistance them get successful homeowners.

TIP FOR WOMEN

Single moms should look into Co-Dwelling house, a business firm-sharing resource for single moms and their kids. Outset with a curt-term rental so you can evict an unsuitable roommate if necessary.

Toll-Saving Tips for Homeowners

• Grant Programs for Home Repair
• If you own a habitation, but are having trouble keeping up with repairs, there are programs that may help you lot get a depression-or no-cost loan or grant.
• Programmable thermostats aren't expensive, and they pay for themselves very chop-chop. They go far possible to keep the estrus or air-conditioning turned down or off at specific times of day. Check with your local utility too. Information technology may be possible for someone to do an energy audit, substantially a walk-through of your home with the auditor pointing out specific means y'all tin can lower costs.
• Consult this Ecology Protection Bureau resources for low- or no-price tips on how to relieve energy around the business firm. Yous tin can besides cheque out this weatherization assist programme, which provides funding to local agencies to help low-income earners salvage. At that place is a special department to find a program in your area.
• Low-income earners can fifty-fifty apply for energy benefits through the government's Low Income Earners Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). You can notice the income requirements per household hither.

DOWNSIZE Earlier YOU RETIRE

Moving your whole family can be a major hassle, but many people can save money by getting a smaller place. Only think: Would living in an apartment or condo enable you to put aside more coin each month for emergencies? Make a list of your existent housing needs, so start looking at the local housing market with fresh eyes.

Diet

Eating well on a upkeep might audio too good to be true, but it'southward a goal that'south within reach. Regime-run programs, customs resources and even apps can help low-income individuals and families become the nutrition they need.

TIP FOR PARENTS

First, there is the well-known government programme WIC, or Women, Infants and Children. WIC serves low-income women who are pregnant or mothers of children upwardly to age v, offering supplemental food, nutrition-centered teaching and referrals for healthcare services. You tin locate your WIC part here. WIC has a costless pre-screening tool for women trying to figure out whether they'll authorize.

The USDA's School Breakfast Programme and School Lunch Programme offer free or low-cost meals to students.

Check to see if Feeding America offers a Schoolhouse Pantry and Summer Nutrient Service Program in your area.

Feeding America also runs Second Harvest food pantries throughout the United States. Many churches and religious centers offering free meals on a first come, first-served basis. Here is a database to locate food pantries in your area.

Another well-known service is SNAP, or Supplemental Diet Assistance Plan, ofttimes called the "food stamps" program. Major grocery stores, some restaurants and a growing number of farmer's markets accept SNAP cards as payment; utilize the SNAP Retailer Locator if you're curious about stores near yous. Non sure if you lot qualify? SNAP has a gratis pre-screening tool. Your local SNAP function can requite you directions on how to utilise. If you're having trouble navigating the application, either ask the local SNAP office for help or utilize outside resources. Nutrient pantries can also provide application assistance.

Making Your Money Go Further

Preparation and planning are the proper noun of the game when it comes to saving coin on your meals.

A weekly or even monthly card can save money, time and energy. Start planning earlier you lot fifty-fifty leave for the store: knowing what you're going to prepare ways you're not buying on impulse. Websites like Coupon Sherpa requite you a take a chance to search for coupons to salvage once you've fabricated your listing.

Cooking from scratch is a not bad fashion to salve. If you're not confident in the kitchen, try searching for free cooking classes in your area: your local WIC may have opportunities, and county services as well as volunteer chefs offering classes to low-income families.

You lot tin always make the trip to your local public library, too, or check out Youtube for elementary, easy-to-follow instructions for making tasty meals.

Transportation

Ready A CARPOOL WHENEVER POSSIBLE

Peradventure y'all accept a colleague or two who live in your part of town, or perhaps your kids accept a friend from schoolhouse in the neighborhood. Whether it's for you or your kids, there is no shame in arranging for carpool. You slice your commute-related gas expenses in half and potentially eliminate unnecessary impulse buys that can happen on a car trip.

Programs to Aid Low-Income People Purchase Cars

Working Cars for Working Families has a "Find a Program" database where low-income families tin can search for car buying programs in their area. Charitable donations allow families to obtain a used or potentially new vehicle. There are too programs that offer low-involvement motorcar loans to low-income families.

Low-Price Insurance Options

Make Your Commute Car-Optional

Living close to piece of work and/or public transportation tin eliminate or lower car expenses from insurance to maintenance to gas (non to mention your carbon footprint). If you live in a temperate climate, consider investing in a bicycle. Many cities take bike collectives, where you tin become a refurbished bicycle for a small fee, or for free. Employ this bike collectives database to notice out where you tin can go a cheap or free cycle worldwide. It never hurts to check out Craigslist's "Gratuitous" department, either.

Ask Near Workplace Subsidies for Public Transportation

The IRS allows employers to pay for employees' commuting costs on busses, ferries or trains, as long as the costs are inside ready monthly limits. Hither's how it works: employees beginning elect to deduct a certain amount from their pre-tax income and submit proof of transit for reimbursement. In recent years, fifty-fifty wheel commuters have been able to receive reimbursement for commuter costs.

LOOK INTO Costless OR Depression-COST VAN PICK-UPS FOR SENIORS AND DISABLED INDIVIDUALS

Free van pick-ups for seniors (to and from the grocery store, doctor's office and the like) may be available from faith-based or other not-profits in your expanse. These non-profits are typically staffed by volunteer drivers. Reservations may be required and at that place may be some (minimal) cost.

Scholarships, Grants and Financial Aid

Just thinking most the costs associated with college education—whether it's for yous, a spouse or a kid—can be overwhelming enough to squash dreams of college. Don't give up: there are ways of financing a higher teaching that won't get out you lot drowning in debt. Some scholarships are specifically aimed at individuals from low-income backgrounds. For example, low-income college students are eligible for Pell Grants and depression-income student loans.

• Check out the Free Application for Federal Student Help (FAFSA) the January before school starts to find out how much aid yous may be eligible to receive.

Investigate scholarship programs. Some are income-based; some are merit-based. The Federal Scholarships page provides answers to frequently asked questions regarding Federal scholarships, including a link to the Department of Labor's scholarship search tool.

TIP FOR WOMEN

The Rankin Foundation scholarship programme is specifically for depression-income women 35 and older pursuing a first bachelor's or technical college degree or enrolling in a post-secondary diploma program.

• Ask your employer if they tin help. Working adults interested in going to college should check to run across if their employer offers tuition reimbursement. You may have to maintain a certain GPA to qualify.
• Consider community higher and online higher options. Community colleges are ofttimes a more affordable option for low income earners. Bank check out this list of the most affordable, quality online colleges for 2019. With online college, you lot not simply salvage on the cost of tuition and transportation, yous may also exist go on your regular job while you attend class.

TIP FOR MINORITIES

If you vest to a minority grouping and have at to the lowest degree a 3.3 grade point average in loftier school, consider applying for a Gates Millenium Scholarship, which annually sends 1,000 low-income minority students to higher on a full scholarship.

ESL Educational Resources

English as a Second Language (ESL) learners because going to school can check with their local community and technical college, which generally offers low-cost classes. Public libraries tin can likewise exist a practiced resource, as can social service agencies in your expanse that serve new immigrants. To find classes and resources, check out the Open Education Database laundry list of ESL resources.

Taxes

Are y'all making the nigh of your tax benefits? Run through this checklist to brand sure.

• Adoption Credit
  If you accept adopted a kid, yous're eligible for a substantial revenue enhancement interruption. For many low-income families, this benefit has fabricated adoption possible.
• American Opportunity Tax Credit
  This credit provides a revenue enhancement break for individuals who are enrolled at least half-fourth dimension in a four-year college and who meet certain income requirements.
• Childcare Tax Credit
  Generally, families have to pay a portion of kid care costs, not unlike co-pays for medical insurance. But the IRS provides a credit for child care expenses. You can learn about it here.
• Earned Income Taxation Credit
  Don't miss out on this benefit for low-income earners. The amount of the credit varies, depending on your family limerick (individual, married, head of household) and income.
• Health Coverage Tax Credit
  For qualifying individuals, this IRS revenue enhancement credit pays for 72.5 percentage of their health insurance premiums (every bit long as those health insurance plans are as well qualifying plans).This can make health insurance significantly more affordable. If you're wondering whether you lot qualify, telephone call the IRS at (800)-829-1040.
• Lifetime Learning Credit
  This tax break is—which may exist equally high every bit $2,000 per individual— bachelor to those pursuing post-secondary education.
• Mortgage Interest Taxation Credit
  If yous ain your home, you may exist able to deduct the interest you pay on your mortgage loan from your annual taxable income.
• Residential Energy Efficient Property Credit
  A 30 percent credit for purchase of qualifying solar electric systems and h2o heaters, fuel cell property, small wind free energy property and geothermal estrus pumps during a given tax year.
• Savers Tax Credit
  If you make eligible contributions to a qualifying retirement savings account, you may exist able to deduct from your taxes if you lot meet certain requirements.

Bonus: Get Your Taxes Filed For Free

Salvage when y'all file taxes. If you make less than $54,000 annually or have a inability, you may qualify for free tax grooming by VITA (Volunteer Income Revenue enhancement Aid).

DIDN'T Discover WHAT YOU WERE LOOKING FOR?

This government resource allows you to fill up in your personal data; benefits are suggested based on your specific circumstances.

Save More, Struggle Less

When you're barely making ends see, saving can be the furthest thing from your listen. But even a modest cushion can help protect yous from ending.

Three Steps towards Your Savings Fund

1

Write down your expenses

Accept everyone who spends money in your household track their expenses for a calendar week or other agreed-upon fourth dimension period. If this is simply y'all, brand sure to write this downwardly daily to stay answerable.

2

Schedule Family Meetings

Schedule a family unit meeting (or cleave out time for yourself at the terminate of the week) and place where you can cut costs, like making dinner instead of ordering in or carpooling for errands rather than using two cars. Make a regular fourth dimension for this meeting.

3

Open a Savings Account

Apply the extra money to open a savings account that can be used for emergencies or special events.

TIP FOR FAMILIES

Regular family unit meetings to hash out expenses and expenditures can be a swell way to talk over and plan for expenses that might be coming down the pike, like holidays. It'south also a great style to teach kids nearly coin and finance.

Low-income earners with high goals can maximize savings by opening an Individual Development Account, if eligible. These accounts are generally restricted to savings for education, minor business expenses or downwards payments on a dwelling. These may be matched dollar-for-dollar, sometimes upward to $3 for every $1 you eolith. At the end of a given term, the money is yours. Check into any requirements for income, earnings, net worth and credit history.

If big ticket savings aren't on your agenda, you tin withal improve your finances by sacrificing one of your extras every week, even if it's a small-scale thing similar getting take-out food for lunch at work, and put the money you would take spent into a savings jar. If you tin do reliably every week, putting aside, permit'south say, $20 a week, you have nearly $1,000 at the end of the twelvemonth to sock away in an IRA or a savings account.

Expert Q&A's

We interviewed ii experts: Julie Kerksick of the Working Our Manner Out of Poverty Project in Milwaukee and John Noonan of Evergreen Real Estate Services in Chicago. Kerksick and Noonan offer insights most the particular challenges of low-income earners and recommend resources and best practices for low-income earners, fatigued from their own experiences.

What are the biggest challenges low-income earners face?

Julie Kerksick :

It's of import to talk about crunch and non-crisis situations. Things that are blips on the radar for middle-class families are catastrophes for depression-income earners. There are lots of people who float in and out of low-income status, and that is crisis-driven. For case, I accept just plenty coin in my paycheck to pay my rent, and so I go into a machine blow and my auto is no longer viable. I need the auto to get to work to pay hire.

Also, for many depression-income earners, their income is erratic or seasonal. And many have continually irresolute work hours, which means it'southward hard to plant routines with children. My next-door neighbors' firm caught fire recently. No one was hurt, and the house is salvageable, but they didn't have renter's insurance. Life is total of crises and emergencies, and when there'due south no financial cushion, it'southward devastating.

What resources can people tap?

Julie Kerksick :

There are resource to help people in that situation, so knowing well-nigh those resource helps. There are agencies that can provide short-term emergency aid, particularly to families with children. There'southward a program called Emergency Aid that y'all can get on a one-fourth dimension basis. Obviously the Ruddy Cross provides help in case of a fire or natural disaster. Solutions differ based on the nature of the crisis. If people are part of a religious congregation, that'south often a source of help. And I call back information technology'southward always worth calling municipal governments to see if there are programs you're not aware of.

What take you lot learned through your work with depression-income earners?

Julie Kerksick :

People who live on very low incomes are very resourceful about figuring out how to keep the wolf away from the door. Subsidized housing is admittedly a peak resources, simply it's merely available to a sliver of people. So it's important that they know it's out there and that they sign up, but in that location's generally a two- to 4-twelvemonth waiting catamenia, and so it'south not my idea of a broadly available solution.

Financial literacy educational activity is expert, if information technology starts with the reality that people in that situation are playing a shell game all of the time. Information technology tin can't be from the bespeak of view of a person who has never known what it's like to non take enough money to pay your electric bill or to have to choose between rent, food, utilities and other expenses. If you first from a reality-based perspective, you tin can build whatever solutions work for a person'south individual situation. If food insecurity is the trouble, make certain you're making the paperwork available for them to admission free- and reduced-price lunches.

Another thing is to share meals with another family unit, or to grow your ain food. Farmer's markets are increasingly accepting SNAP benefits, and you tin can get improve deals on nutrient. Another manner to salve is by shopping at Goodwill and other thrift stores. Many take fifty percent off days. Y'all can also expect for estate and rummage sales. And these are not only peoples' castoffs. You tin notice really skilful quality things. I furnished my business firm that manner.

What should low-income earners know about credit and debt?

Julie Kerksick :

People brand things so much worse considering they know they're in problem, and instead of tackling information technology, they just ignore information technology. Just yesterday I heard a story on the radio about a man who incurred $1,500 in higher debt 38 years before and the debt had grown to more than $5,000. The main thing is instead of proverb, "I'm in problem, help! What can I do?" they avert it. The offset thing someone in that situation should do is see if there's a non-profit in their area that volition help. Or go directly to the people you owe and say, "What tin can I do here?"

What kinds of saving strategies would you recommend for low-income earners?

Julie Kerksick :

I retrieve having a goal of saving is really desirable for everybody, but ane has to recognize that for some families, it's not a realistic immediate goal. If you lot can salve, say, by saving half of a large tax refund or the old-fashioned "put your change in a jar and permit information technology grow," those are little things that add upwards. But the biggest thing is not to save if you're harming yourself. For case, if you're saving and the issue ways you're paying interest on a credit bill of fare, it doesn't make sense. Simply if you're able to put something bated because you truly can, and then exercise it.

What were ways you saved or made ends meet when you were depression income?

John Noonan :

Information technology was a very solar day-to-day existence with no real planning, and I saw no utility in planning because I was low income, so information technology just became a vicious circumvolve. I grew up in a single-family domicile, and my mom was raising four kids on a temporary income, so I've always been bargain-oriented and not inclined to spend money frivolously. And so mainly I just tried to make money last as long as possible without thinking virtually saving for the future or saving in whatever way that would make greater earning possible.

Did you take advantage of tax credits or any government funded programs?

John Noonan :

I didn't have plenty income or planning skills for filing to even be a priority, and the times when I was looking at applying for food stamps, it seemed like there were also many steps. It was too much of a bother. Besides, when I mentioned to my family that I was considering doing it, it was not well received.

What almost saving?

John Noonan :

Again, that struck me as one of those things other people did. People who have money relieve more. People who don't have money, in my thinking and so, don't salvage it.

What turned things around for you?

John Noonan :

It was a combination of things. It was having people who believed in me when I didn't - and I could requite yous the names of those people who were pivotal during those periods of my life, who made me feel like "Mayhap I'm not such a schlub after all!"

Now that you're no longer low-income, but instead work to assistance other people who are, what would your nowadays self tell your younger, depression-income self if you could become back in time?

John Noonan :

That the things I assumed were futile aren't. That it'south possible to turn certain trends around. It's imperative to begin and the time to begin that is now.

"The things I assumed were futile aren't...It'due south imperative to begin and the time to brainstorm is now."

Y'all accept worked with weatherization and affordable housing. What advice practice you lot have for low-income earners about saving on free energy expenses?

John Noonan :

The best manner to save money is to start when yous're looking for an apartment. If you're looking in summertime, pay attention to the windows. Come across if this is a identify that'due south going to cost yous a fortune to rut. In my former task, I constantly used to hear from people in the middle of wintertime looking to move considering of leaky windows and high ceilings and an apartment that was too big to heat.

Another is a programmable thermostat. It's ane of the best investments you lot can make. Even if yous rent, it's a good idea. They're so inexpensive now and the installation is something nigh landlords won't object to. I also know that Illinois offers tremendous savings at regular retailers to get people to switch from florescent lighting to LED. That tin relieve a lot of coin.

There are also a lot of things available in programs through utilities. They're required to provide help with energy-saving technologies because it helps reduce demand, and every dollar invested in demand reduction is many dollars saved in construction of new facilities.

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Source: https://www.moneygeek.com/living/resources/how-to-live-on-low-income/

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